各支部：
为深入学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神，学党史、悟思想，从党的百年伟大奋斗历程中汲取前进的智慧和力量，学院拟继续开展第十四期“时政译坛”翻译大赛。“时政译坛”翻译大赛是公司党建品牌建设项目，致力于将党建与专业结合、理论学习与实践锻炼结合，加深翻译过程中的政治责任感和敏感度。现将有关工作通知如下：
一、活动主题：学习党史 讲好中国共产党的故事
二、活动形式：汉译英、英译汉（可任选一项，也可两项都参加）。
三、参赛对象：
高级必威betway入口全体同学，其中中共党员（含预备党员）必须参加。
四、本次活动原文：见附件。翻译加粗划线部分即可，其中汉译英468字，英译汉415词。
五、参赛规则：
1.参赛原文将发布在必威betway入口官网，供大家下载，比赛无需报名，请参赛同学于2022年2月27日前将译文（word文件，文件名：班级+姓名，以附件形式）发送至邮箱：sits_dwxz@ourmail.cn即可。参赛译文一律用小四号字，中文用宋体，英文用Times New Roman，并请注明班级、姓名、性别及联系方式。参赛译文一次投稿有效，恕不接收修改稿。
2.参赛译文须独立完成，杜绝抄袭现象，一经发现，将取消参赛资格，并通知所在支部严肃批评教育。译文应尽量在语言和风格上忠实于原文，语言通顺，逻辑清晰，无语言错误。
3.由评委对译文进行评审，中译英和英译中各评出一等奖、二等奖、三等奖。获奖名单拟于3月公布，届时将召开颁奖典礼，点评获奖译文和颁发获奖证书。获奖译文亦将择优刊登在学院网页，汇编成册，以供学习借鉴。
特此通知
附件:1.汉译英原文
2.英译汉原文
主办：高级公司党委
承办：高级公司党务小组
2022年1月27日
1.汉译英：
大山深处扶贫队
揭汉光
踏着春的脚步，闻着土地的气息，踩在乡间的小路上。乘乡政府的小车，临山而行。山远水阔，天高云淡。山花烂漫，乡音乡情。牛儿悠悠，铃儿响叮当。一派和谐与浪漫的山村风情，如诗如画，扑面而来。我们进山入户，听取民情，记录民意，体味一种平日里不曾想到的另一种生活意境。质朴勤劳的山民，以自己朴素语言，讴歌崇阳县扶贫队，常常于耳际萦绕。他们兴办实事，服务群众，架起党和政府与农民群众的连心桥。
崇阳县扶贫工作队已在高枧乡老胡洞村住点三年，尽心尽力帮扶村民，给予了他们大量的扶贫资金和物质帮助。他们为改变山区贫困面貌呕心沥血，得到山民一声声称赞，一句句感谢。
老胡洞村是个典型田少地旱山林面积大的最边远的贫困村。全村辖145户526人，其中贫困户66户227人，贫困发生率达到45．5％，居全县之首。
习近平总书记提出“精准扶贫，贵在精准，重在精准，成败之举在于精准”。崇阳县扶贫工作队牢记总书记指示，在局长黄刚领导下，深入老胡洞村田间地头、农户家中走访，了解每个贫困户情况，反复研究讨论，实行一村一策，一户一计，完善帮扶办法，落实工作责任，“量身打造”帮扶措施，三年三大步，取得显著成效。
“要想富，先修路”。老胡洞村山高路险，交通一直不便，一条灰白色小路，似一根飘舞的绸带，从山脚延伸至顶谷。时而溜行在险坡之上，时而穿贯于山涧之中，时而攀援绝壁之间，时而掩映密林之下。山高坡陡，经过雨水的冲刷，水路坑坑洼洼，沟壑遍布，乱石嶙峋。两旁生长着高过人头的荆棘和灌木，密不透风。人走在小路上，心陷在郁闷中。时常还担心山上石头滚落下来，砸了自己的头。这就是老胡洞过去的原始路。一条千百年来，人们穿着草鞋踩踏出来的，连接山里山外的通道。2014年崇阳县工作队首次进村都将小车停在山脚下，然后步行12公里山路进村，要想改变贫困山区，第一件事就是打通这12公里山路，工作队和乡政府领导联合写项目申请报告，多方跑路。2015年在县政府和县交通局的大力支援下，争取到一笔资金，他们逢山开路，遇水架桥，人背肩扛，用笨重的锹镐在悬崖峭壁开凿。经过一年多奋斗，一条12公里山路打通了。原来那崎岖陡峭的羊肠小道，改头换面，变成了一条平缓的水泥路，当通车的那天，村里一位八十岁的老汉泪水满腔拉着工作队长黄刚的手说：“多少年，多少代的梦想终于实现了，谢谢你们打通这条致富路……”
我们行走在山上小道上，山径清爽光泽，一尘不染。小径两旁野花丛生，不时一跃而起，另觅新景。小径的右边是灌木丛生的山坡，山崖陡峭，怪石嶙峋，峰峦叠翠；左边的山体线条柔和，树木葱茏，修竹茂密，峡谷幽深，泉水叮咚，涧石光滑，水洌清澈。山民要从左边到右边都需要淌水而过。工作队想村民之想，急村民之急，在这里新建扶贫水泥拱桥，解决村民步行难的问题，年来修建小型桥梁6座，护堤120米。
冲破坚土方是笋。我们祝愿崇阳县质监局扶贫工作队更加发力，加大招商引资力度，为老胡洞村建设一个小型水电站，让山村脱贫之路拓展得更新、更宽、更广。
2.英译汉：
Poverty hotspots
Where a person is born is the best predictor of their lifetime prospects. Yet, “spatial” income inequality has been widening. Geographic wealth disparities have been increasing in rich and poor countries alike.Eighty percent of global economic activity is generated on 3 percent of the landmass.Countries with worsening regional inequality, in the past decade, have seen greaterpolitical polarization,conflict, andgovernment turnover.
Inrecent research, we examine spatial patterns in income levels and growth across 2,894 subnational areas in the world. There are 538 administrative areas we call poverty hotspots—areas that are classified as low income in both 2000 and 2015 usingthe historical income thresholds provided by the World Bank. These were home to 1.12 billion people in 2015. Although largely concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, Central, and South Asia they are distributed across 77 countries, far more than the 31 countries classified by the World Bank as low income.
A quick examination of these poverty hotspots also shows a significant spatial “lag” across regions. Growth in regions tends to spill over to neighboring regions, even if they are in different countries. For every 1 percent increase in a region’s per capita income growth, its immediate neighbors can expect to see a 0.64 percent per capita growth increase, even if nothing else changes in those regions, regardless of national borders. Conversely, regions with shrinking economies will also negatively affect their neighbors. Thus, there is a tendency for growth and poverty not only to persist over time, but to cluster in particular locales.
But are some regions geographically “cursed”? For over two decades, the international development community has debated whether countries are affected by geographic “determinism”—i.e., whether countries that are located in the tropics, that are landlocked, or that have limited access to ocean trade through sea ports or navigable rivers, face structural barriers to long-run growth. Looking subnationally, the evidence is mixed. On the one hand, favorable soil, a temperate climate (and lower communicable disease burden), and lower elevations all make it less likely that a region will be stuck in persistent poverty. On the other hand, the evidence also demonstrates the powerful, wealth-enhancing effects of education. Increasing the average estimated years of schooling by an extra year would boost regional per capita growth by 3 percent over 15 years. In addition to education, physical connectivity is key for growth. Governments’ ability to project their authority across territory and to mitigate intrastate conflicts within their countries’ borders similarly boosts growth prospects.
Our findings suggest that three types of interventions may be necessary to make a difference in subnational regional development: those that improve human capital, those that compensate for geographical disadvantages through investments in technology and infrastructure, and those that improve the functioning of political institutions. Simply assuming that migration or catch-up growth will equalize opportunities, by contrast, is not supported by our evidence. In particular, demographic changes are working in the opposite direction for low-growth areas: Population growth in these hotspots is greater than in other areas because families are poor and mothers have less access to health care and education. So, historically, natural population growth in poor localities has outstripped out-migration.
This has important implications for those concerned with theLeave No One Behindagenda. For international donors, it suggests that providing money to governments of countries that are poor on average does not guarantee that the money will trickle down to improving the lot of poor people living in poor places. Better geotargeting of projects is required. For governments, it means facing trade-offs that balance the desire for faster growth through agglomeration in larger centers of economic activity and more inclusive growth that reaches far-flung areas. For everyone, it points to the need to manage growth spillovers, either positive or negative, across regions and contiguous countries. For the more than 1 billion people still living in poverty hotspots, it points to migration, both domestic and international, as the surest means of escaping poverty.
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